Language

Language is a media which is used to communicate between each other .

If a person want to communicate with another person he/she use  a language like Telugu Hindi,English Marathi and so on……. And these are called “Natural Languages”. Similarly A person communicates with Computer he use a Language called “Programming language”

Types of Programming languages:

Generally Programming languages can be divided into two types

1).Low-Level Languages

2).High Level Language

Low Level or Machine Level Language is a Language in which instructions are written in 0’s and 1’s and it’s also known as Binary Language .Computer Understands one and only one Language that is Machine Language.

For example to add two numbers in MACHINE Language it can be written like this

0001 1111 1000

0011 1110 1000

0111 1000 1100

Advantages:
 Performance is high. Because the instructions of a machine language programs are immediately executable there is no need of compilation and translation step are required. Hence its fester program execution.

Disadvantage:

1.To write a program in machine language it requires a high level of programming skills .and not easy to understand for  human beings. Hence it is slower program execution.

2. Machine language programs are machine dependent i.e. a program  written in one type of computer may not execute in other type of computers.

Use: Low level Languages are best suited for writing System Software’s

Ex: Operating systems, Drivers, Compiler etc……………...

High Level Language:

Writing programs in machine language is very difficult .to overcome the drawback new programming languages are introduced which is known as high level languages in which machine instructions are written in English like language, which we can understand

For Example to add two numbers the instructions are

a=10,

b=20,

c=a +b;

Some of high-level languages are COBOL, FORTRAN, PASCAL, C++,JAVA.

Advantages:

In high-level languages, it is easy to write a program. i.e. a program can be developed very fast ,hence program development is very  fast.

Disadvantages:

Instructions of a high level language program are not immediately executable. Because of the computer understand one and only one language i.e. machine language .hence high level languages instructions requires translation  steps to translate English to computer understandable language(M.L).it is a time taking process therefore   it leads slower program execution.

Purpose: High-Level Languages are used to write general purpose programs such as engineering, business applications, scientific etc…………………..